如果主库开启了 FRA 目录，默认归档日志和 Rman 备份片是要存放在 FRA 目录的，也可以设置log_archive_dest_1 参数来重新指定主库的归档日志目录。另外主库开启 FRA 目录，建议备库也要开启。
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SQL>showparameter db_recovery;
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_recovery_file_dest string +FRA db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer4407M
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ audit_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/racdb/adump audit_sys_operations booleanFALSE audit_syslog_level string audit_trail string DB SQL>
[oracle@11rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d racdb # 关闭所有节点数据库 [oracle@11rac1 ~]$ srvctl status database -d racdb Instance racdb1 is not running on node 11rac1 Instance racdb2 is not running on node 11rac2 [oracle@11rac1 ~]$ srvctl start database -d racdb -o mount # 启动所有节点数据库到mount [oracle@11rac1 ~]$ srvctl status database -d racdb Instance racdb1 is running on node 11rac1 Instance racdb2 is running on node 11rac2 [oracle@11rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 28 14:51:49 2025
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> alter database archivelog; # 启用归档
Database altered.
SQL> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@11rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d racdb # 关闭所有节点数据库 [oracle@11rac1 ~]$ srvctl start database -d racdb # 启动所有节点数据库 [oracle@11rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 28 14:53:36 2025
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 448 Next log sequence to archive 449 Current log sequence 449 SQL> show parameter USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST; SQL> show parameter recovery;
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_recovery_file_dest string +FRA db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 4407M recovery_parallelism integer 0 SQL>
-- Add below item when DB turn to standby role -- alter system set db_file_name_convert='+DATA/testdbdg','+DATA/testdb' scope=spfile; -- alter system set log_file_name_convert='+DATA/testdbdg','+DATA/testdb' scope=spfile; ALTERSYSTEMSET FAL_SERVER='racdb_standby1'SCOPE=BOTH SID='*'; ALTERSYSTEMSET FAL_CLIENT='racdb_primary'SCOPE=BOTH SID='*'; ALTERSYSTEMSET STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO SCOPE=BOTH SID='*';
[oracle@11rac1 ~]$ cat /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN3=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN3)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN2=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN2)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))) # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN2=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN3=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by Agent [oracle@11rac1 ~]$
[oracle@11rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 28 16:15:36 2025
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter listener;
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ listener_networks string local_listener string (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST= 10.10.10.173)(PORT=1521)) remote_listener string rac-scan:1521
[root@11rac1 ~]# su - grid Last login: Fri Mar 28 15:41:22 CST 2025 on pts/0 [grid@11rac1 ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-MAR-2025 16:17:14
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 27-MAR-2025 16:26:48 Uptime 0 days 23 hr. 50 min. 26 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/11rac1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.10.10.171)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.10.10.173)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s). Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "racdbXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "racdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "racdb_primary" has 1 instance(s). # 这里需要注意，直接监听了db_unique_name Instance "racdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
[oracle@11rac2~]$ cat /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora LISTENER_SCAN2=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN2)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN3=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN3)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))) # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN3=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN2=ON # line added by Agent [oracle@11rac2~]$ sqlplus /as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 2816:16:102025
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release11.2.0.4.0-64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining andReal Application Testing options
SQL>showparameter listener;
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ listener_networks string local_listener string (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST= 10.10.10.174)(PORT=1521)) remote_listener string rac-scan:1521 SQL>
[oracle@11rac2~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0- Production on28-MAR-202516:19:44
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0- Production StartDate27-MAR-202516:28:05 Uptime 0 days 23 hr. 51 min. 39 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/11rac2/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.10.10.172)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.10.10.174)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s). Instance "+ASM2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "racdbXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "racdb2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "racdb_primary" has 1 instance(s). Instance "racdb2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully [oracle@11rac2~]$
配置RAC备库
创建必要的系统目录
注：实际环境中主库和备库的路径可能不一样，请按照备库实际路径创建。
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# 备库节点1 [root@racdg1 rac1-scripts]# su - oracle Last login: Fri Mar 28 14:20:27 CST 2025 on pts/1 [oracle@racdg1 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/racdb/adump # 备库节点2 [root@racdg2 rac2-scripts]# su - oracle Last login: Fri Mar 28 14:28:50 CST 2025 on pts/1 [oracle@racdg2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/racdb/adump
SQL*Plus: Release11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 2817:15:202025
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release11.2.0.4.0-64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining andReal Application Testing options
-- 2.将生成的pfile复制到备库节点1 [oracle@11rac1~]$ scp /tmp/init_racdb_stby.ora oracle@10.10.10.181:/tmp/init_racdb_stby.ora The authenticity of host '10.10.10.181 (10.10.10.181)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:QgEFFzHMaak6UisXidzJFGADDG78qCCttyBGFVjXJFQ. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:73:2b:2f:68:4b:b6:b4:2b:24:43:db:bb:11:5a:4c:9a. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.10.10.181' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. oracle@10.10.10.181's password: init_racdb_stby.ora 100%1916611.2KB/s 00:00 [oracle@11rac1~]$
# 备库所有节点 # 节点1 [grid@racdg1 ~]$ cat /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN3=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN3)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN2=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN2)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))) # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN2=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN3=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by Agent
SID_LIST_listener = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = racdb_standby1) (SID_NAME = racdb1) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) ) ) [grid@racdg1 ~]$ # 节点2 [grid@racdg2 ~]$ cat /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))) # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by Agent
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-MAR-2025 20:20:56
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER))) The command completed successfully [grid@racdg1 ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-MAR-2025 20:21:01
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 28-MAR-2025 12:46:15 Uptime 0 days 7 hr. 34 min. 46 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/racdg1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER))) Services Summary... Service "racdb_standby1" has 1 instance(s). Instance "racdb1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully [grid@racdg1 ~]$
sql statement: alter system set control_files = ''+DATA/racdb_standby1/controlfile/current.267.1196975659'', ''+FRA/racdb_standby1/controlfile/current.256.1196975659'' comment= ''Set by RMAN'' scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started) Oracle instance started
contents of Memory Script: { sql clone'alter database mount standby database'; } executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby database
contents of Memory Script: { set newname forclone tempfile 1 to new; switch clone tempfile all; set newname forclone datafile 1 to new; set newname forclone datafile 2 to new; set newname forclone datafile 3 to new; set newname forclone datafile 4 to new; set newname forclone datafile 5 to new; backup as copy reuse datafile 1 auxiliary format new datafile 2 auxiliary format new datafile 3 auxiliary format new datafile 4 auxiliary format new datafile 5 auxiliary format new ; sql 'alter system archive log current'; } executing Memory Script
SQL*Plus: Release11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 2821:22:302025
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release11.2.0.4.0-64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining andReal Application Testing options
SQL>showparameter control_files;
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ control_files string +DATA/racdb_standby1/controlfi le/current.267.1196975659, +FR A/racdb_standby1/controlfile/c urrent.256.1196975659 SQL>
将新的controlfile 位置，更新到备库启动的pfile 中：
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[oracle@racdg1 ~]$ cat /tmp/init_racdb_stby.ora | grep control *.control_files='+DATA/racdb_standby1/controlfile/current.267.1196975659','+FRA/racdb_standby1/controlfile/current.256.1196975659' [oracle@racdg1 ~]$
[oracle@racdg1 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d racdb_standby1 [oracle@racdg1 ~]$ srvctl status database -d racdb_standby1 Instance racdb1 is not running on node racdg1 Instance racdb2 is not running on node racdg2 [oracle@racdg1 ~]$ srvctl start database -d racdb_standby1 -o 'READ ONLY' [oracle@racdg1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 28 22:25:12 2025
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select open_mode from gv$database;
OPEN_MODE -------------------- READ ONLY READ ONLY
SQL>
# 启动实时应用 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
Media Recovery Log +LOG/racdb_stby/archivelog/2018_06_07/thread_1_seq_399.267.978211171 Media Recovery Waiting for thread 2 sequence 159 (in transit) Thu Jun 07 21:19:48 2018 RFS[7]: Selected log 8 for thread 2 sequence 160 dbid 971926187 branch 974309419 Thu Jun 07 21:19:48 2018 Archived Log entry 13 added for thread 2 sequence 159 ID 0x39eda8ab dest 1: Thu Jun 07 21:19:49 2018 Media Recovery Log +LOG/racdb_stby/archivelog/2018_06_07/thread_2_seq_159.268.978211189 Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 400 (in transit)